Th is paper analyzes the concept of Development and its theoretical evolution, starting from the defi nitions developed by Joseph Schumpeter, Celso Furtado, Amartya Sen and Paul Singer. In addition, it aims to demonstrate the relationship between Politics and Economics, as well as its vital importance in the understanding of the topic. Finally, it demonstrates the internationalization of the issue and the importance of an interdisciplinary approach.

The enactment in July 2015 of the Statute of Person with Disabilities (Law 13146) is further proof that the law in Brazil has been following the process social, political and economic. With the support and the role of civil society, the law brings aspects that are being worked on by other social science disciplines, such as the Urban Geography. Th is article deals with accessibility and urban mobility.

L’objet de cet article est d’examiner la coexistence des droits de l’homme et de la mondialisation économique, comme la réorganisation des processus de production, l’internationalisation des marchés et l’instabilité du capital fi nancier peuvent avoir des infl uences sur l’effi cace de la démocratie et la garantie individuelle de chaque citoyen.

A criminalização de condutas praticadas pelos indivíduos humanos é uma problemática desde muito antes de Cristo. O cometimento de um crime, considerado assim aquele que agride a sociedade e o direito alheio é penalizado por meio de prisões e multas etc. buscando entender melhor a penalização de pessoas ainda em fase de desenvolvimento, assim considerados os adolescentes e jovens com menos de 18 anos no caso do Brasil. O presente trabalho analisa a questão do ponto de vista constitucional e avanços recentes na seara legislativa como a PEC 171/93, assim como do direito comparado e da legislação nacional como o ECA e demais legislações, buscando comparações acerca da idade penal no estrangeiro e no Brasil. Muito em virtude do crescente aumento da prática de crimes por menores de dezoito anos, há uma grande reviravolta nos tribunais judiciais do país e no mundo, pela diminuição da idade para penalização dos crimes, cada vez mais hediondos sendo cometidos pelos menores. Analisa-se a idade penal por meio de um entendimento do direito e da norma e claro com referência aos direitos humanos e o processo legal de penalização do país. Buscando embasar o estudo por meio de análises críticas de estudiosos do assunto e legislação pátria e internacional.

h is paper aims to address about the interjudicial dialogue established between the Brazilian courts and Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the exercise of conventionality control, and the relationship between national courts and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the recognition and enforcement by those of international decisions this. It also aims to expose the internal regulatory instruments that impose this interaction and challenges to fi rm up a regulatory framework in this area. Th e problem is to solve the following questions: a Interamericna Court of Human Rights, based on the American Convention imposed a diff use control of conventionality? To what extent the conventionality of control theory prints a interjudicial binding dialogue to national courts? Finally, recognition of the direct enforceability of judgments in inter-American jurisdiction thirst for human rights protection possible? Our hypothesis is based on the diff erence between the legal nature of the procedure and the effi cacy of a foreign judgment and an international decision and the imperative transnational legal certainty of human rights. Th e issue is also to ascertain: what possible functions of the Supreme Court, as the national court to internally develop the inter-American human rights system? Th e methodology used in this work is the doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis on the topic.

O pres ente trabalho incita uma discussão sobre a mediação como ferramenta de solução de confl itos, especialmente na seara familiar, abordando a difi culdade do instituto em ser incorporado ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, pela cultura existente a partir da ideia de Estadania. Lança-se um olhar sobre a necessidade de, no atual momento de crise da Justiça, consequência da própria crise do Estado, priorizar um método mais humanístico que garanta, com maior qualidade, a obtenção da Justiça, em sua ampla acepção. Sugere-se o deslocamento da ênfase da solução do confl ito do Poder Judiciário brasileiro, dentro do processo de família, que tanto fl exibilizou seus recortes, para os próprios sujeitos da relação, tendo como marcos teóricos a cultura da pacifi cação social com justiça, a democracia constitucional-deliberativa e o princípio da intervenção mínima do Estado e da máxima cooperação entre as partes. Tornar a justiça atingível aos cidadãos é a melhor maneira de fazer com que a mesma seja valorizada e perseguida pelos mesmos, consolidando um verdadeiro Estado Democrático de Direito.

h e purpose of this article is to present the public lighting fee and contribution to the Cost of Public Enlightenment. As these two types of storage behaved within the Brazilian legal system, the diff erences that made the fi rst and second constitutional unconstitutional. Within this pitch there was a huge mess of both the Administrators of Municipalities as the citizens, who for lack of knowledge or the disclosure of the matter, did not understand, or do not understand to this day why the constitutionality of the contribution of the Funding of Public Enlightenment. Th e shape of the collection through the electricity bill. Where municipalities took advantage of Dealers with all your registration and implemented the collection, all with constitutional support. Th e more diff erentiated the Laws of Municipalities was the basis of calculation, where some escalonaram and other fi xed practically the same value for all taxpayers.

This study is about the marriage between persons of the same sex, or homoaff ective couples. The admission of a state union, in a sense, had been usual in our Brazilian legal system. However, marriage, despite the recent fi nding by the Supreme Court and resolution of the CNJ, still faces many social, moral and religious barriers in its institution. Principles such as human dignity, equality, happiness, among others, have been used to support such an institution. Despite the binding position of said higher courts, the Regional Courts still express some resistance to admit the possibility of marriage between persons of the same sex.

This article aims at through analysis of the theory of the fi nal domain of fact, built to distinguish the authorship of participation in a concourse of agents, build a new criterion of objective imputation, which aims to resolve the problems arising from the analysis of the link between a fact and a result, allowing thus a criminal agent responsibility more precise and safe.

The present study seeks to analyze the unconstitutionality of Article 18, I, “a” of Supplementary Law nº 75/93 and Article 41, Clause XI of the Law 8.625 / 1993. Those devices enable the prosecution, even as accusatory body, to take a seat on the same plane as the judge, while the defense is in lower and farther plan. This paper intends to demonstrate that this scenic layout injures the principles of equality, isonomy, proportionality, fairness, due process, parity and ample defense, which is not consistent with the model of a democratic state.

This study aimed to analyze the coverage of colpocytopathological examination in Valença city. It was realized a study of documentary, retrospective. Raw data were used in the public domain of the Information System of Cervical Cancer (ISCC), from the records of the years 2011 and 2012. Th e study population were residents of Valença city/RJ, aged 25 to 64 years recorded in ISCC. For this analysis, the proportion of survey coverage, the percentage of income delay time and the suitability of samples of the respective age groups. According to the results presented noted that the coverage of colpocytopathological examination in 2011 was 23% and in 2012 was 4%. Th e higher the delay time for the delivery of results in 2011 was 31 to 60 days (39.5% of patients) and for the year 2012 was 60 or more days with approximately 76% of patients in this range time. For analyzing the adequacy of the sample, it was observed that 99% of the samples were satisfactory years evaluated. We conclude that the coverage of colpocytopathological examination in the city of Valença, in the years surveyed, presents fragility and vulnerability in planning to women’s health. The vulnerability as pointed out by the study is not confi rmed by the defi ciency or lack of preparation of professionals who are performing such a task, but administrative factors such as variables, generating the health service more spending, contributing to negative coverage and injuries in predictions.

Eduardo Paulo da Silva Prado (1861-1901) was an important character of the Brazilian political / intellectual history of the last years of the nineteenth century. Standing out as one of the fi ercest enemies of the Republic proclaimed by the military coup of November 1889, Eduardo Prado faced persecution of fl orianista dictatorship and had to fl ee from Brazil in 1894. In Europe, the author continued to attack the Republican administrations and was defi ned by the newspaper “the Jacobin”, a sort of unoffi cial journal of Floriano Peixoto government, such as “enemy number 01 of the nation”. Th is antirrepublicana militancy was the most discussed aspect of the political / intellectual history of Eduardo Prado by studies that have already studied the subject. I intend in this article contribute to this discussion by analyzing texts that are less known by critics, precisely those that have been written over 1897, when the author was directly involved with the 470controversy of habeas corpus of the royalists. I am especially interested in understanding how Eduardo Prado used the concept of “freedom”, an issue that I think is fundamental to understanding the ways in which the author has mobilized the constituent values of important traditions of Western political thought, for example, civic republicanism and political liberalism.

Este artículo establece nuevamente la investigación desarrollada en el año 2001, en el Instituto Helena Antipoff (IHA), el Departamento de Educación Municipal, responsable de la planifi cación, organización y seguimiento de las propuestas para una educación de calidad para todos, especialmente en relación con el proceso de enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales. La necesidad se debe a la falta de investigación en el área de la discapacidad visual que aborda el uso de materiales multisensoriales adaptados. Estos materiales educativos permiten que el libro de texto impreso en tinta y Braille se utiliza de forma simultánea, para las personas ciegas y defi cientes visuales. Términos utilizan pruebas del período en que se realizó la investigación y se cumplió esta condición. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar los temas relacionados con el uso de libros de texto adaptados a las necesidades educativas especiales de los alumnos con discapacidad visual inscritos en la serie fi nal de la escuela primaria regular. Para ambos objetivos, metodología, análisis y conclusiones del estudio fueron recordados.

The National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) of health courses emphasize the need for general education and promoting comprehensive health, emphasizing prevention, promotion and rehabilitation in accordance with the principles of the Unifi ed Health System (UHS). Immersion of medical students in the actual practice scenarios based on the teaching-research-extension helps to overcome the dichotomy between theory and practice. Th is study aims at describing the collective health discipline in practice settings. It was conducted an interview with members of the local health service for medical students in various scenarios in order to understand the perception of the population regarding the UHS. Th ey conducted 150 interviews after consent. As a result we found that 20% defi ned the UHS as a Health System or as a public health plan, 60% said it was a benefi t and 20% did not know how to defi ne. On the rise of UHS 100% no opinion. As for assistance before the emergence of UHS, 40% said it was through health insurance and Rural Fund and 60% no opinion. On assistance to the poorest 40% reported seeking the emergency room, 20% sought healers and 40% did not know. In the current evaluation, 20% considered very good, 40% good, 20% bad and 20% said it was glad for the experiences reported by others. 60% of respondents gave it a 10 to 8, 20% gave note 3 and 20% gave it a 0. To improve the UHS, 80% said they needed more money and professional, 20% no opinion. We conclude that little is known about the functioning of UHS having need to stimulate health education to guide as to its benefi ts and the need to charge enhancements managers. Th is experience helped the students realize the reality serving as learning and research, establishing concepts that could hardly a lecture.